Normative economics is concerned with:

Normative economics focuses on what ought to be in economic policy and practices, emphasizing subjective judgments about how the economy should function. This branch of economics involves value-based opinions and ethical considerations regarding economic outcomes, such as equity, fairness, and welfare. It seeks to guide policymakers on what economic actions could lead to desirable outcomes, thus having a significant impact on social well-being and policy formulation.

By contrast, other branches of economics engage with different aspects; for instance, the option relating to theoretical operation pertains to positive economics, which analyzes how the economy functions without injecting personal beliefs. The option involving actual economic data deals with empirical observations and measurements, which are essential for positive economics and not normative assessments. Finally, statistical market analysis often relates to quantitative methods used in economics, focusing more on data interpretation rather than normative discussions of "what should be." This context underscores the distinct nature of normative economics and its role in shaping policy based on societal values and preferences.